← Stratford On Avon (all cycles) · 4 May 2023 cohort

Stratford On Avon 2023

Local elections held 4 May 2023.

39 ward races

41 seats

17 elected below the proportional quota

41.5% of seats below quota

How to read this page

Each race below shows the share of valid ballots the marginal elected candidate actually won, and compares it to the proportional quota: the share that would be needed to be guaranteed that seat under any proportional voting method (1 seats + 1). For a 1-seat ward the quota is 50%; for 2 seats, 33.3%; for 3 seats, 25%.

Where the actual winning share fell below the quota, we show the gap as points under par — the editorial indictment. Above-par results are just majority mandates and pass without comment. The voting method is the subject of every observation here. Named candidates appear as the public election record requires; the cause being audited is the voting method, not the individuals. See the methodology page for derivations.

If votes were counted by party

Across the 39 wards in this cycle, parties received the vote totals below. The proportional column shows what each party would have won if the 41 seats had been allocated to those vote totals in proportion (how, with caveats). The Δ column is the actual seat count minus the proportional seat count — positive numbers are parties First-Past-the-Post over-represented in this council, negative are parties it under-represented.

Party	Votes	Vote %	Seats won	% of seats	Proportional seats	Proportional %	Δ
Liberal Democrats	18,936	42.4%	25	61.0%	18	43.9%	+7
Conservative and Unionist Party	15,920	35.7%	12	29.3%	15	36.6%	-3
Green Party	4,741	10.6%	3	7.3%	4	9.8%	-1
Labour Party	4,001	9.0%	0	0.0%	4	9.8%	-4
Independent	969	2.2%	1	2.4%	0	0.0%	+1
Reform UK	64	0.1%	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	0
Total	44,631	100.0%	41	100.0%	41	100.0%	0

Vote share vs seats won

The top bar is each party's share of votes cast in this council. Below, one square per seat, coloured by the party that won it — first the actual First-Past-the-Post result, then what a proportional method would have produced from the same vote totals. Divergence between the bar and the actual grid is the indictment of the method.

Vote share

Actual seats

Proportional seats

Wards in this council

Sorted with the largest gap below the quota first. Click any ward to jump to its full result.

Bishop’s Itchington, Fenny Compton & Napton · 2 seats · won at 23.8% · +9.6 pts below quota
Alcester West · 1 seat · won at 40.5% · +9.5 pts below quota
Bidford East · 1 seat · won at 40.9% · +9.1 pts below quota
Gaydon, Kineton & Upper Lighthorne · 2 seats · won at 25.1% · +8.2 pts below quota
Stratford Avenue · 1 seat · won at 41.9% · +8.1 pts below quota
Quinton · 1 seat · won at 43.8% · +6.2 pts below quota
Tredington · 1 seat · won at 44.8% · +5.2 pts below quota
Bidford West · 1 seat · won at 45.5% · +4.5 pts below quota
Studley North · 1 seat · won at 45.7% · +4.3 pts below quota
Wellesbourne North & Rural · 1 seat · won at 46.3% · +3.7 pts below quota
Stratford Hathaway · 1 seat · won at 47.1% · +2.9 pts below quota
Southam South · 1 seat · won at 47.1% · +2.9 pts below quota
Harbury · 1 seat · won at 47.5% · +2.5 pts below quota
Brailes & Compton · 1 seat · won at 49.8% · +0.2 pts below quota
Stratford Clopton · 1 seat · won at 50.0% · 0.0 pts below quota
Wellesbourne East & Rural · 1 seat · won at 52.1% · above quota
Wellesbourne South · 1 seat · won at 52.9% · above quota
Stratford Orchard Hill · 1 seat · won at 53.3% · above quota
Studley South · 1 seat · won at 53.8% · above quota
Tysoe · 1 seat · won at 55.1% · above quota
Kinwarton · 1 seat · won at 56.6% · above quota
Salford Priors & Alcester Rural · 1 seat · won at 56.9% · above quota
Stratford Bishopton · 1 seat · won at 57.3% · above quota
Henley-in-Arden · 1 seat · won at 57.5% · above quota
Stratford Welcombe · 1 seat · won at 57.8% · above quota
Shipston South · 1 seat · won at 58.2% · above quota
Long Marston · 1 seat · won at 58.4% · above quota
Claverdon & Snitterfield · 1 seat · won at 62.1% · above quota
Shipston North · 1 seat · won at 63.2% · above quota
Stratford Shottery · 1 seat · won at 63.4% · above quota
Wootton Wawen · 1 seat · won at 64.5% · above quota
Southam East, Central & Stockton · 1 seat · won at 64.7% · above quota
Southam North & Long Itchington · 1 seat · won at 66.4% · above quota
Alcester East · 1 seat · won at 66.7% · above quota
Tanworth-in-Arden · 1 seat · won at 67.8% · above quota
Stratford Guildhall & Bridgetown · 1 seat · won at 68.3% · above quota
Southam West · 1 seat · won at 69.7% · above quota
Stratford Tiddington · 1 seat · won at 73.1% · above quota
Welford-on-Avon · 1 seat · won at 73.5% · above quota

Race results

Bishop’s Itchington, Fenny Compton & Napton · 2-seat (bloc vote)

Marginal winner 23.8% Proportional quota 33.3% Difference +9.6 pts below quota Valid ballots 4,018

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Rock, N.	Liberal Democrats	998	24.8%	Elected
2	Gist, N.	Liberal Democrats	955	23.8%	Elected
3	Kettle, C.	Conservative and Unionist Party	855	21.3%
4	Bushnell, K.	Conservative and Unionist Party	672	16.7%
5	Leask, J.	Labour Party	200	5.0%
6	Colton, S.	Green Party	188	4.7%
7	North, M.	Green Party	150	3.7%

Electorate 5,594 · Ballots cast 4,018 · Back to ward index

Alcester West · single-seat

Marginal winner 40.5% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +9.5 pts below quota Valid ballots 1,180

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Harmer, J.	Liberal Democrats	478	40.5%	Elected
2	Foster, A.	Labour Party	362	30.7%
3	Smithers, G.	Conservative and Unionist Party	309	26.2%
4	Carpenter, N.	Green Party	31	2.6%

Electorate 2,538 · Ballots cast 1,180 · Back to ward index

Bidford East · single-seat

Marginal winner 40.9% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +9.1 pts below quota Valid ballots 867

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Pemberton, D.	Conservative and Unionist Party	355	40.9%	Elected
2	Price, C.	Labour Party	293	33.8%
3	Vos, R.	Liberal Democrats	152	17.5%
4	Gilson, J.	Green Party	67	7.7%

Electorate 2,839 · Ballots cast 867 · Back to ward index

Gaydon, Kineton & Upper Lighthorne · 2-seat (bloc vote)

Marginal winner 25.1% Proportional quota 33.3% Difference +8.2 pts below quota Valid ballots 2,718

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Mills, C.	Conservative and Unionist Party	874	32.2%	Elected
2	Scorer, A.	Conservative and Unionist Party	683	25.1%	Elected
3	Lee, T.	Liberal Democrats	259	9.5%
4	Thomas, B.	Labour Party	256	9.4%
5	Ballantyne, R.	Green Party	250	9.2%
6	Webb, A.	Green Party	238	8.8%
7	Solman, N.	Liberal Democrats	158	5.8%

Electorate 4,490 · Ballots cast 2,718 · Back to ward index

Stratford Avenue · single-seat

Marginal winner 41.9% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +8.1 pts below quota Valid ballots 843

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Grocott, L.	Liberal Democrats	353	41.9%	Elected
2	Sinclair, T.	Conservative and Unionist Party	276	32.7%
3	Guise, S.	Green Party	166	19.7%
4	Wilkinson, D.	Labour Party	48	5.7%

Electorate 2,496 · Ballots cast 843 · Back to ward index

Quinton · single-seat

Marginal winner 43.8% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +6.2 pts below quota Valid ballots 1,069

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Skinner, D.	Liberal Democrats	468	43.8%	Elected
2	Bates, M.	Conservative and Unionist Party	439	41.1%
3	Venus, T.	Green Party	91	8.5%
4	Sewell, J.	Labour Party	71	6.6%

Electorate 2,944 · Ballots cast 1,069 · Back to ward index

Tredington · single-seat

Marginal winner 44.8% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +5.2 pts below quota Valid ballots 1,199

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Harvey, T.	Conservative and Unionist Party	537	44.8%	Elected
2	Fincham, A.	Liberal Democrats	499	41.6%
3	Wakeford, M.	Green Party	94	7.8%
4	Redman, S.	Labour Party	69	5.8%

Electorate 2,679 · Ballots cast 1,199 · Back to ward index

Bidford West · single-seat

Marginal winner 45.5% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +4.5 pts below quota Valid ballots 750

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Fleming, W.	Conservative and Unionist Party	341	45.5%	Elected
2	Brown, C.	Liberal Democrats	203	27.1%
3	Dempsey, P.	Labour Party	139	18.5%
4	Evans-Goodrich, G.	Green Party	67	8.9%

Electorate 2,440 · Ballots cast 750 · Back to ward index

Studley North · single-seat

Marginal winner 45.7% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +4.3 pts below quota Valid ballots 784

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Hencher-Serafin, P.	Liberal Democrats	358	45.7%	Elected
2	Kerridge, J.	Conservative and Unionist Party	304	38.8%
3	Bates, W.	Labour Party	82	10.5%
4	Waldon, A.	Green Party	40	5.1%

Electorate 2,387 · Ballots cast 784 · Back to ward index

Wellesbourne North & Rural · single-seat

Marginal winner 46.3% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +3.7 pts below quota Valid ballots 1,255

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Parry, A.	Conservative and Unionist Party	581	46.3%	Elected
2	Brown, K.	Liberal Democrats	502	40.0%
3	Campbell, A.	Labour Party	114	9.1%
4	Venus, T.	Green Party	58	4.6%

Electorate 2,971 · Ballots cast 1,255 · Back to ward index

Stratford Hathaway · single-seat

Marginal winner 47.1% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +2.9 pts below quota Valid ballots 701

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Coles, E.	Liberal Democrats	330	47.1%	Elected
2	Rhodes, L.	Labour Party	225	32.1%
3	Forman, G.	Conservative and Unionist Party	102	14.6%
4	Pettifor, P.	Green Party	44	6.3%

Electorate 2,167 · Ballots cast 701 · Back to ward index

Southam South · single-seat

Marginal winner 47.1% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +2.9 pts below quota Valid ballots 686

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Padgham, G.	Liberal Democrats	323	47.1%	Elected
2	Walters, R.	Conservative and Unionist Party	282	41.1%
3	Gordon-Cumming, J.	Green Party	81	11.8%

Electorate 2,378 · Ballots cast 686 · Back to ward index

Harbury · single-seat

Marginal winner 47.5% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +2.5 pts below quota Valid ballots 1,123

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Ostrander, S.	Liberal Democrats	533	47.5%	Elected
2	Harris, J.	Independent	435	38.7%
3	Eastap, L.	Labour Party	91	8.1%
4	Baddon, A.	Reform UK	64	5.7%

Electorate 2,641 · Ballots cast 1,123 · Back to ward index

Brailes & Compton · single-seat

Marginal winner 49.8% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference +0.2 pts below quota Valid ballots 1,228

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Whalley-Hoggins, S.	Conservative and Unionist Party	612	49.8%	Elected
2	Billins, S.	Liberal Democrats	520	42.3%
3	Woods, R.	Labour Party	96	7.8%

Electorate 2,787 · Ballots cast 1,228 · Back to ward index

Stratford Clopton · single-seat

Marginal winner 50.0% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference 0.0 pts below quota Valid ballots 1,025

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Petrovic, L.	Liberal Democrats	512	50.0%	Elected
2	Fojtik, J.	Labour Party	315	30.7%
3	Short, J.	Conservative and Unionist Party	198	19.3%

Electorate 2,579 · Ballots cast 1,025 · Back to ward index

Wellesbourne East & Rural · single-seat

Marginal winner 52.1% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −2.1 pts Valid ballots 1,074

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Johnston, D.	Liberal Democrats	560	52.1%	Elected
2	Briggs, B.	Conservative and Unionist Party	383	35.7%
3	Penson, S.	Labour Party	74	6.9%
4	Mordue, M.	Green Party	57	5.3%

Electorate 2,657 · Ballots cast 1,074 · Back to ward index

Wellesbourne South · single-seat

Marginal winner 52.9% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −2.9 pts Valid ballots 1,049

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Cowcher, D.	Liberal Democrats	555	52.9%	Elected
2	Kendall, D.	Conservative and Unionist Party	379	36.1%
3	Fewins, J.	Labour Party	74	7.1%
4	Sanders, R.	Green Party	41	3.9%

Electorate 2,466 · Ballots cast 1,049 · Back to ward index

Stratford Orchard Hill · single-seat

Marginal winner 53.3% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −3.3 pts Valid ballots 1,355

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Fradgley, I.	Liberal Democrats	722	53.3%	Elected
2	Rengaraju, B.	Conservative and Unionist Party	350	25.8%
3	Hill, J.	Labour Party	210	15.5%
4	Rickett, M.	Green Party	73	5.4%

Electorate 2,970 · Ballots cast 1,355 · Back to ward index

Studley South · single-seat

Marginal winner 53.8% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −3.8 pts Valid ballots 938

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Edden, N.	Liberal Democrats	505	53.8%	Elected
2	McCrory, G.	Conservative and Unionist Party	288	30.7%
3	Leask, A.	Labour Party	89	9.5%
4	Giles, D.	Green Party	56	6.0%

Electorate 2,770 · Ballots cast 938 · Back to ward index

Tysoe · single-seat

Marginal winner 55.1% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −5.1 pts Valid ballots 1,140

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Littlewood, M.	Conservative and Unionist Party	628	55.1%	Elected
2	Bowring, L.	Liberal Democrats	262	23.0%
3	Aves, A.	Green Party	129	11.3%
4	Holland, A.	Labour Party	121	10.6%

Electorate 2,711 · Ballots cast 1,140 · Back to ward index

Kinwarton · single-seat

Marginal winner 56.6% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −6.6 pts Valid ballots 1,305

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Holmes, T.	Liberal Democrats	739	56.6%	Elected
2	Harford, L.	Conservative and Unionist Party	437	33.5%
3	Foster, K.	Labour Party	88	6.7%
4	Hardy, R.	Green Party	41	3.1%

Electorate 2,994 · Ballots cast 1,305 · Back to ward index

Salford Priors & Alcester Rural · single-seat

Marginal winner 56.9% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −6.9 pts Valid ballots 832

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Stanley, L.	Conservative and Unionist Party	473	56.9%	Elected
2	Watson, M.	Liberal Democrats	193	23.2%
3	O'Hagan, A.	Labour Party	90	10.8%
4	Genders, T.	Green Party	76	9.1%

Electorate 2,443 · Ballots cast 832 · Back to ward index

Stratford Bishopton · single-seat

Marginal winner 57.3% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −7.3 pts Valid ballots 958

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Alcock, V.	Liberal Democrats	549	57.3%	Elected
2	Meehan, J.	Conservative and Unionist Party	267	27.9%
3	Malloy, R.	Labour Party	75	7.8%
4	Riley, J.	Green Party	67	7.0%

Electorate 2,424 · Ballots cast 958 · Back to ward index

Henley-in-Arden · single-seat

Marginal winner 57.5% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −7.5 pts Valid ballots 1,045

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Rice, M.	Liberal Democrats	601	57.5%	Elected
2	Tibbs, I.	Conservative and Unionist Party	343	32.8%
3	Turner, B.	Labour Party	101	9.7%

Electorate 2,575 · Ballots cast 1,045 · Back to ward index

Stratford Welcombe · single-seat

Marginal winner 57.8% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −7.8 pts Valid ballots 1,255

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Harding, R.	Liberal Democrats	726	57.8%	Elected
2	Jefferson, A.	Conservative and Unionist Party	437	34.8%
3	Nealon, A.	Labour Party	92	7.3%

Electorate 2,789 · Ballots cast 1,255 · Back to ward index

Shipston South · single-seat

Marginal winner 58.2% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −8.2 pts Valid ballots 1,090

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Passingham, D.	Green Party	634	58.2%	Elected
2	Barker, J.	Conservative and Unionist Party	456	41.8%

Electorate 2,485 · Ballots cast 1,090 · Back to ward index

Long Marston · single-seat

Marginal winner 58.4% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −8.4 pts Valid ballots 865

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Keighley, J.	Liberal Democrats	505	58.4%	Elected
2	Cox, R.	Conservative and Unionist Party	223	25.8%
3	Parrott, C.	Labour Party	92	10.6%
4	Mitchell, H.	Green Party	45	5.2%

Electorate 2,291 · Ballots cast 865 · Back to ward index

Claverdon & Snitterfield · single-seat

Marginal winner 62.1% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −12.1 pts Valid ballots 1,213

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Parker, D.	Green Party	753	62.1%	Elected
2	Richards, P.	Conservative and Unionist Party	367	30.3%
3	Knapman, N.	Liberal Democrats	93	7.7%

Electorate 2,527 · Ballots cast 1,213 · Back to ward index

Shipston North · single-seat

Marginal winner 63.2% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −13.2 pts Valid ballots 961

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Hatch, O.	Green Party	607	63.2%	Elected
2	Turner, N.	Conservative and Unionist Party	245	25.5%
3	Albon, S.	Liberal Democrats	109	11.3%

Electorate 2,499 · Ballots cast 961 · Back to ward index

Stratford Shottery · single-seat

Marginal winner 63.4% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −13.4 pts Valid ballots 1,361

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Curtis, D.	Liberal Democrats	863	63.4%	Elected
2	Jennings, M.	Conservative and Unionist Party	313	23.0%
3	Bigwood, S.	Labour Party	93	6.8%
4	Herbert, V.	Green Party	92	6.8%

Electorate 2,899 · Ballots cast 1,361 · Back to ward index

Wootton Wawen · single-seat

Marginal winner 64.5% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −14.5 pts Valid ballots 1,059

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Shenton, I.	Conservative and Unionist Party	683	64.5%	Elected
2	Hunter, D.	Liberal Democrats	207	19.5%
3	Duffin, C.	Green Party	92	8.7%
4	Spicer, G.	Labour Party	77	7.3%

Electorate 2,967 · Ballots cast 1,059 · Back to ward index

Southam East, Central & Stockton · single-seat

Marginal winner 64.7% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −14.7 pts Valid ballots 886

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Crump, A.	Conservative and Unionist Party	573	64.7%	Elected
2	Lambert, C.	Liberal Democrats	228	25.7%
3	Watkin, D.	Green Party	85	9.6%

Electorate 2,385 · Ballots cast 886 · Back to ward index

Southam North & Long Itchington · single-seat

Marginal winner 66.4% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −16.4 pts Valid ballots 794

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Adam, L.	Liberal Democrats	527	66.4%	Elected
2	Bell, N.	Conservative and Unionist Party	179	22.5%
3	Hartigan, J.	Labour Party	58	7.3%
4	James, Z.	Green Party	30	3.8%

Electorate 2,453 · Ballots cast 794 · Back to ward index

Alcester East · single-seat

Marginal winner 66.7% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −16.7 pts Valid ballots 822

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Juned, S.	Liberal Democrats	548	66.7%	Elected
2	Daniell, E.	Conservative and Unionist Party	194	23.6%
3	Randle, E.	Labour Party	55	6.7%
4	Stott, P.	Green Party	25	3.0%

Electorate 2,406 · Ballots cast 822 · Back to ward index

Tanworth-in-Arden · single-seat

Marginal winner 67.8% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −17.8 pts Valid ballots 823

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Organ, L.	Conservative and Unionist Party	558	67.8%	Elected
2	Rees, K.	Liberal Democrats	121	14.7%
3	Johnston, E.	Green Party	77	9.4%
4	Williams, R.	Labour Party	67	8.1%

Electorate 2,641 · Ballots cast 823 · Back to ward index

Stratford Guildhall & Bridgetown · single-seat

Marginal winner 68.3% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −18.3 pts Valid ballots 1,259

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Fradgley, J.	Liberal Democrats	860	68.3%	Elected
2	Dixon, A.	Conservative and Unionist Party	262	20.8%
3	Roe, C.	Labour Party	85	6.8%
4	Michaux, S.	Green Party	52	4.1%

Electorate 2,762 · Ballots cast 1,259 · Back to ward index

Southam West · single-seat

Marginal winner 69.7% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −19.7 pts Valid ballots 766

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Bromwich, T.	Independent	534	69.7%	Elected
2	Booth, D.	Liberal Democrats	150	19.6%
3	Stott, J.	Green Party	82	10.7%

Electorate 2,465 · Ballots cast 766 · Back to ward index

Stratford Tiddington · single-seat

Marginal winner 73.1% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −23.1 pts Valid ballots 1,073

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Rolfe, C.	Liberal Democrats	784	73.1%	Elected
2	Tibbs, A.	Conservative and Unionist Party	195	18.2%
3	Cooper, H.	Labour Party	59	5.5%
4	Dennis, A.	Green Party	35	3.3%

Electorate 2,322 · Ballots cast 1,073 · Back to ward index

Welford-on-Avon · single-seat

Marginal winner 73.5% Proportional quota 50.0% Difference −23.5 pts Valid ballots 1,262

Rank	Candidate	Party	Votes	Share	Elected
1	Perteghella, M.	Liberal Democrats	928	73.5%	Elected
2	Wade, A.	Conservative and Unionist Party	267	21.2%
3	Kaye, E.	Labour Party	40	3.2%
4	Evans, S.	Green Party	27	2.1%

Electorate 2,563 · Ballots cast 1,262 · Back to ward index